How would you determine the ground state of a quantum system with no exact solution?

在没有精解的情况下你定量系统的基态？

But as some of the excited electrons fall back to their ground states, they emit energy as light.

不过当一部分的激发电回它们的基态的时候，它们会释放出能量，即光。

There's another kind of transition it can do, even in the ground state.

即使在基态，它也能进行另一种类型的转变。

There are a continuum of energy levels all the way down to the ground state.

从始至终，能量水平都是连续的，直基态。

We call it the ground state or the excited state.

我们称之基态或激发态。

Instead, the excited nucleus just decays into a ground state nucleus and a gamma ray.

反而，从高能粒衰变成低能粒与gamma射线。

And then that state could decay into the ground state of carbon-12 that is kind of stable, right?

然后这种状态可以衰变成相对稳定的碳-12基态，对吗？

That is plenty of time for them to relax into their ground state, the most energetically stable condition they can be in.

这一时间足以让反氢原弛豫，回基态，即它们可能达的能量最稳定状态。

Now when all those electrons drop down to the ground state, that atom is going to release some gamma radiation.

现在当所有那些电基态时，这个原将会释放一些γ辐射。

And so it's kind of like energy levels, but they're just these tiny splittings of the ground state energy level.

这有点像能级，但它们只是基态能级的一些微小分裂。

As the muon drops down to this different ground state, an x-ray is emitted—alerting Krauth's team that the transition has occurred.

当μ这个不同的基态时，会发出X射线——这提示克劳斯团队跃迁已经发生。

Bombard an ordinary hydrogen atom with microwaves of the right frequency and you will lift it out of its ground state by flipping the spin of its electron.

以特定频率的微波轰击普通氢原可以反转其中电的自旋，使其跃迁离开基态。

In quantum mechanics, one of the most important properties of a many-body system is the difference in energy between its ground state and its first excited state.

在量力学中，多体系统最重要的性质之一是其基态与第一激发态之间的能量差。

So the muon starts in a semi-stable place—the food-messy desk—moves up to an unstable state—the clean desk—and then cascades down to a different stable ground state—the paper-messy desk.

因此，介从一个半稳定的地方开始——食物凌乱的桌——上升一个不稳定的状态——干净的桌——然后向下级联另一个稳定的基态- 乱七八糟的桌。

It doesn't mean that there won't be upsetting emotions or moments of dysregulation, but we can, as a system, return back to that peace and that grounded state of calm.

这并不意味着不会出现令人不安的情绪或神经系统失调的时刻，但我们可以作一个系统， 重新回那种平静和稳定的状态。

For example, if you heat table salt you'll always see the same two lines in the exact same part of the spectrum as certain electrons in sodium absorb energy and then return to their ground state, giving off light.

例，果你加热食盐，你总是会在光谱的完全相同的部分看同样的两条线，因钠中的某些电吸收能量，然后返回基态，发出光。